In a normal housing cycle, “more people moving in” should mean “prices go up.” But the post-2022 market has produced a counterintuitive pattern in several large U.S. metros: Prices are sliding even while the headcount grows.
This isn’t magic—it’s a math problem. When supply rises faster than effective demand, or when buyers can’t (or won’t) pay yesterday’s prices because financing, insurance, taxes, or job growth changed, prices can fall even with population inflows. House of Leon looks at what’s behind home prices declining in nine cities experiencing growth in the U.S.
The metros where this paradox is most visible right now
Zillow’s Home Value Index (ZHVI) shows the largest year-over-year declines in home values (as of Oct. 31, 2025) concentrated in the Sun Belt and a few big “pandemic boom” markets—exactly where population growth has also been strongest.
Meanwhile, the U.S. Census Bureau’s metro estimates show these same metros posted large numeric population gains between July 1, 2023, and July 1, 2024.
Below is the cleanest overlap between “prices dropping fastest” and “population rising,” according to Zillow data:
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Austin-Round Rock–San Marcos, Texas: home values down about -6.1% YoY (ZHVI); population +58,019
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Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Florida: -6.09% YoY; population +50,482
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Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, Florida: -4.79% YoY; population +123,471
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Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, Florida: -4.55% YoY; population +75,969
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Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas: -4.02% YoY; population +177,922
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Jacksonville, Florida: -3.40% YoY; population +37,350
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Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, Arizona: -3.36% YoY; population +84,938
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San Antonio-New Braunfels, Texas: -2.97% YoY; population +47,297
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Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, Georgia: -2.92% YoY; population +75,134
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Denver-Aurora-Centennial, Colorado: -2.92% YoY; population +31,748
The biggest price drops are showing up in places that built (or listed) more homes into higher-rate demand.
What’s actually causing prices to fall while more people arrive?
1. Supply finally showed up—late, but forcefully
Many of these metros were construction leaders during the boom. New supply arrives with a lag: permitting decisions made in 2021-2022 can translate into completions and competition in 2024-2025. When listings rise, sellers lose leverage, and price cuts spread—especially in markets where buyers have lots of near-substitutes (new subdivisions, new multifamily, investor inventory).
Austin is the poster child for this dynamic: Its boom was extreme, its pipeline was heavy, and its repricing has been unusually sharp (Zillow’s metro data and Austin’s own ZHVI page both show meaningful declines into late 2025).
2. Population growth ≠ “buyer growth”
This is where most takes go wrong.
Population can increase because of:
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Renters, including international migration and young workers.
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Household consolidation (more roommates, multigenerational living).
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People who move in but delay buying because rates are high.
Census explicitly notes that recent metro growth has been boosted by net international migration and improving natural increase, even as domestic migration patterns remain mixed. That kind of growth supports occupancy and rents more immediately than it supports purchase prices—especially at 6%-8% mortgage rates.
3. The affordability ceiling is real—and rates lowered it
In 2020–2021, cheap money let buyers stretch. In 2024-2025, many households simply can’t qualify for the same payment, so sellers have to meet the market. That adjustment can happen even if more people want to live there.
4. Sun Belt carry costs are rising (insurance, taxes, HOA, utilities)
In Florida metros in particular, nonmortgage carrying costs (insurance and taxes) can change the affordability equation even if the sticker price looks down only a few percent. The marginal buyer may step back, turning in-migration into rent first.
5. Investor demand cooled, and some inventory came back
A meaningful share of Sun Belt demand in 2021-2022 was investor-driven (single-family rentals, short-term rentals, second homes). When yields compress and financing costs rise, investors stop being price-insensitive bidders—and sometimes become net sellers. That’s another way prices can fall while the metro keeps growing.
Why these metros, specifically?
A pattern jumps out from the overlap list:
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Pandemic-era “winner” markets (Austin, Phoenix, Tampa/Orlando/Jacksonville, Dallas) saw the biggest run-ups, which left the most room to mean-revert.
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They also experienced large population gains in the latest Census metro estimates (Table 2’s top numeric gainers).
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Zillow’s biggest price declines cluster in those same metros.
That combination is exactly what you’d expect when a market goes from shortage: A building surge leads to higher-rate normalization.
How to interpret this (so you don’t fool yourself)
A falling price in a growing city is not automatically a “deal.” It can be:
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A healthy normalization after a bubble-ish run-up.
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A sign of oversupply in certain submarkets (new-build outskirts vs. established neighborhoods).
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A signal that “growth” is arriving as renters, not buyers.
The practical move is to treat each metro as a set of micromarkets:
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If you’re investing: Focus on rent growth, concessions, and absorption, not just headline population.
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If you’re buying to live: Falling prices in a growing metro can be a rare window—but only if taxes, insurance and job stability pencil out.